HAA5 in Arizona Drinking Water
Ranked by average HAA5 concentration (µg/L) · UCMR 4 data (2018–2020) · Data from EPA SDWIS & UCMR
HAA5 in Arizona: what the data shows
Arizona has 65 cities with HAA5 monitoring data from the EPA's UCMR 4 program (2018–2020). Haloacetic acids (HAA5) form when chlorine-based disinfectants react with natural organic matter in water. The state average is 5.9 µg/L — better than the 15.5 µg/L national average. No cities currently exceed the 60 µg/L EPA MCL. HAA5 is a group of five chlorinated and brominated acetic acids. Long-term exposure above the MCL is associated with increased cancer risk and adverse reproductive outcomes. The EPA classifies total HAA5 as a probable human carcinogen at elevated concentrations. Activated carbon filtration (especially granular or block carbon) is effective at reducing HAA5. Running water through a refrigerator filter or letting it sit in an open pitcher for 30 minutes also helps, as some HAA5 species are volatile. Boiling does not remove disinfection byproducts and may concentrate them.
Cities exceeding 60 µg/L EPA MCL
HAA5 data across Arizona
Each dot is a city with UCMR 4 HAA5 testing data. Cities where average HAA5 exceeded the 60 µg/L EPA MCL are highlighted. Size reflects population served.
Top 10 cities by haa5 level in Arizona
All Arizona cities ranked by haa5 level
| # | City | Level | Level | Exceeds? | Violations | Grade |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Upper Fruitland, Nenahnezad, San Juan, N | 25.1 µg/L | No | 9 | B+ | |
| 2 | Upper Fruitland, Nenahnezad, San Juan, N | 25.1 µg/L | No | 9 | B+ | |
| 3 | Whiteriver | 23.3 µg/L | No | 7 | D | |
| 4 | Chandler | 19.1 µg/L | No | 32 | F | |
| 5 | Mesa | 18.5 µg/L | No | 3 | F | |
| 6 | Grand Canyon | 17.7 µg/L | No | 11 | D | |
| 7 | Ak-Chin Village | 17.6 µg/L | No | 10 | A- | |
| 8 | Flagstaff | 15.6 µg/L | No | 74 | D | |
| 9 | Anthem | 15.4 µg/L | No | 1 | B | |
| 10 | Tempe | 15.1 µg/L | No | 3 | D+ | |
| 11 | Gilbert | 14.6 µg/L | No | 11 | F | |
| 12 | Peoria | 13.9 µg/L | No | 13 | F | |
| 13 | Fountain Hills | 13.5 µg/L | No | 21 | F | |
| 14 | Yuma | 12.8 µg/L | No | 318 | F | |
| 15 | Glendale | 12.3 µg/L | No | 5 | F | |
| 16 | Apache Junction | 11.6 µg/L | No | 18 | F | |
| 17 | Scottsdale | 9.5 µg/L | No | 22 | F | |
| 18 | Payson | 8.9 µg/L | No | 60 | F | |
| 19 | Surprise | 8.8 µg/L | No | 18 | F | |
| 20 | Lake Havasu City | 8.8 µg/L | No | 5 | D | |
| 21 | Phoenix | 8.8 µg/L | No | 59 | F | |
| 22 | San Luis | 6.3 µg/L | No | 8 | D | |
| 23 | Pine | 4.5 µg/L | No | 10 | F | |
| 24 | Somerton | 4.0 µg/L | No | 17 | D | |
| 25 | Goodyear | 3.7 µg/L | No | 3 | F | |
| 26 | Fort Defiance, Window Rock, St. Michaels | 3.6 µg/L | No | 22 | B- | |
| 27 | Litchfield Park | 3.2 µg/L | No | 21 | F | |
| 28 | Avondale | 3.2 µg/L | No | 13 | C+ | |
| 29 | Safford | 2.9 µg/L | No | 9 | D | |
| 30 | Maricopa | 2.9 µg/L | No | 228 | D | |
| 31 | Buckeye | 2.5 µg/L | No | 103 | F | |
| 32 | Casa Grande | 2.4 µg/L | No | 44 | F | |
| 33 | Eagar | 2.3 µg/L | No | 9 | C | |
| 34 | Florence | 1.9 µg/L | No | 60 | F | |
| 35 | Catalina | 1.8 µg/L | No | 2 | D | |
| 36 | Bullhead City | 1.7 µg/L | No | 57 | F | |
| 37 | Tucson | 1.4 µg/L | No | 150 | F | |
| 38 | Pinetop | 1.4 µg/L | No | 12 | D | |
| 39 | Fort Huachuca | 1.3 µg/L | No | 9 | F | |
| 40 | Rio Rico | 1.3 µg/L | No | 4 | C | |
| 41 | Tubac | 1.2 µg/L | No | 44 | F | |
| 42 | Sun City West | 1.2 µg/L | No | 3 | B+ | |
| 43 | Paradise Valley | 1.2 µg/L | No | 3 | C | |
| 44 | Johnson Ranch | 1.0 µg/L | No | 7 | D | |
| 45 | Green Valley | 1.0 µg/L | No | 9 | D | |
| 46 | Nogales | 1.0 µg/L | No | 39 | F | |
| 47 | Buckeye-Sono | 0.9 µg/L | No | 2 | B- | |
| 48 | Wildhorse Pass Casino, St. Johns Komatke | 0.9 µg/L | No | 12 | B+ | |
| 49 | Salt River Indian Community | 0.8 µg/L | No | 22 | B | |
| 50 | Sun City | 0.8 µg/L | No | 1 | B | |
| 51 | Prescott Valley | 0.8 µg/L | No | 6 | D | |
| 52 | El Mirage | 0.7 µg/L | No | 3 | D | |
| 53 | Oro Valley | 0.7 µg/L | No | 11 | D | |
| 54 | Prescott | 0.6 µg/L | No | 33 | F | |
| 55 | Sahuarita | 0.6 µg/L | No | 19 | F | |
| 56 | Cottonwood | 0.6 µg/L | No | 184 | D | |
| 57 | Show Low | 0.5 µg/L | No | 60 | D | |
| 58 | Douglas | 0.5 µg/L | No | 55 | D | |
| 59 | Queen Creek | 0.5 µg/L | No | 14 | D | |
| 60 | Heber | 0.4 µg/L | No | 11 | F | |
| 61 | Sedona | 0.4 µg/L | No | 174 | F | |
| 62 | Kingman | 0.2 µg/L | No | 110 | D | |
| 63 | Sierra Vista | 0.2 µg/L | No | 44 | D | |
| 64 | First Mesa Consolidated Villages | 0.0 µg/L | No | 74 | D | |
| 65 | Pinon | 0.0 µg/L | No | 0 | B+ |
Frequently asked questions about haa5 in Arizona
What is HAA5 and why does it appear in Arizona tap water?
HAA5 (haloacetic acids) are disinfection byproducts that form when chlorine reacts with naturally occurring organic matter in source water. They are a normal byproduct of the disinfection process that makes water safe to drink. No cities in Arizona currently exceed the 60 µg/L EPA MCL. The state average is 5.9 µg/L.
How can I reduce HAA5 exposure from Arizona drinking water?
Activated carbon filters (granular or block) effectively reduce HAA5. Refrigerator filters and under-sink carbon systems are convenient options. Unlike lead or PFAS, HAA5 levels can also be reduced by letting water stand in an open container, as some species evaporate. Boiling does NOT remove HAA5 and can concentrate them by reducing water volume.
Which Arizona cities have the highest HAA5 levels?
The cities with the highest average HAA5 concentrations in Arizona are: Upper Fruitland, Nenahnezad, San Juan, N (25.1 µg/L), Upper Fruitland, Nenahnezad, San Juan, N (25.1 µg/L), Whiteriver (23.3 µg/L), Chandler (19.1 µg/L), Mesa (18.5 µg/L). Note: this data is from UCMR 4 testing (2018–2020) and may not reflect current levels.