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Strontium Contamination

Strontium in Arizona Drinking Water

Ranked by max strontium detected (µg/L) · UCMR 3 data (2013–2015) · Data from EPA SDWIS & UCMR

67
Cities Tested
16
Over HRL
24%
% Over HRL
1317.0 µg/L
State Avg
▲ 18% vs national
vs National
241
Health Violations

Strontium in Arizona: what the data shows

Arizona has 67 cities with strontium data from the EPA's UCMR 3 program (2013–2015). Strontium was detected above the 1,500 µg/L EPA health reference level in 16 of those cities. The state average max detected level is 1317.0 µg/L. Strontium occurs naturally in groundwater, particularly in areas with limestone and dolomite geology. It can also enter water from industrial waste and mining operations. There is no federal MCL for strontium, but the EPA established a health reference level (HRL) of 1,500 µg/L. Long-term exposure to strontium above the HRL may affect bone health, particularly in children, by substituting for calcium in developing bones. Reverse osmosis and ion exchange systems are effective at removing strontium from drinking water.

Cities exceeding 1,500 µg/L EPA HRL (no MCL)

Arizona
24%
16 of 67 cities
▲ 18% above national rate (worse)
National avg
6%
250 of 4371 cities

Strontium data across Arizona

Each dot is a city with UCMR 3 strontium testing data. Cities where strontium exceeds the 1,500 µg/L EPA health reference level are highlighted. Size reflects population served.

All Arizona cities ranked by strontium level

# City Level Level Over HRL? Violations Grade
1 Yuma 5600.0 µg/L
Over HRL 318
F
2 Bullhead City 5400.0 µg/L
Over HRL 57
F
3 Sacaton, Sacaton Flats,Upper San Tan, Bl 5130.0 µg/L
Over HRL 11
B
4 Buckeye 5100.0 µg/L
Over HRL 103
F
5 Casa Grande 3600.0 µg/L
Over HRL 44
F
6 Goodyear 3000.0 µg/L
Over HRL 3
F
7 San Luis 2700.0 µg/L
Over HRL 8
D
8 Avondale 2600.0 µg/L
Over HRL 13
C+
9 Mohave Valley 2600.0 µg/L
Over HRL 14
F
10 Maricopa 2500.0 µg/L
Over HRL 228
D
11 Somerton 2200.0 µg/L
Over HRL 17
D
12 Douglas 2100.0 µg/L
Over HRL 55
D
13 Buckeye-Sono 2100.0 µg/L
Over HRL 2
B-
14 Chandler 2000.0 µg/L
Over HRL 32
F
15 Apache Junction 2000.0 µg/L
Over HRL 18
F
16 Tucson 1700.0 µg/L
Over HRL 150
F
17 Surprise 1500.0 µg/L
No 18
F
18 Johnson Ranch 1500.0 µg/L
No 7
D
19 Fort Defiance, Window Rock, St. Michaels 1500.0 µg/L
No 22
B-
20 Lake Havasu City 1400.0 µg/L
No 5
D
21 Florence 1400.0 µg/L
No 60
F
22 Fountain Hills 1339.6 µg/L
No 21
F
23 Gilbert 1300.0 µg/L
No 11
F
24 Scottsdale 1300.0 µg/L
No 22
F
25 Tempe 1300.0 µg/L
No 3
D+
26 Peoria 1200.0 µg/L
No 13
F
27 Litchfield Park 1200.0 µg/L
No 21
F
28 Phoenix 1140.0 µg/L
No 59
F
29 Mesa 1100.0 µg/L
No 3
F
30 Glendale 1100.0 µg/L
No 5
F
31 Queen Creek 1100.0 µg/L
No 14
D
32 Salt River Indian Community 1100.0 µg/L
No 22
B
33 Anthem 1050.5 µg/L
No 1
B
34 Cave Creek 900.0 µg/L
No 25
C-
35 Sun City West 827.4 µg/L
No 3
B+
36 Upper Fruitland, Nenahnezad, San Juan, N 800.0 µg/L
No 9
B+
37 Upper Fruitland, Nenahnezad, San Juan, N 800.0 µg/L
No 9
B+
38 Paradise Valley 776.0 µg/L
No 3
C
39 Benson 742.0 µg/L
No 29
D
40 Rio Rico 720.0 µg/L
No 4
C
41 Kingman 710.0 µg/L
No 110
D
42 Show Low 680.0 µg/L
No 60
D
43 Sun City 640.0 µg/L
No 1
B
44 Safford 630.0 µg/L
No 9
D
45 Holbrook 612.0 µg/L
No 6
F
46 Cottonwood 590.0 µg/L
No 184
D
47 Oro Valley 560.0 µg/L
No 11
D
48 El Mirage 560.0 µg/L
No 3
D
49 Payson 530.0 µg/L
No 60
F
50 Whiteriver 440.0 µg/L
No 7
D
51 Red Rock 432.0 µg/L
No 1
D+
52 Sedona 420.0 µg/L
No 174
F
53 Ganado, Cornfield, Steamboat, Woodspring 405.0 µg/L
No 4
B+
54 Green Valley 390.0 µg/L
No 9
D
55 Globe 390.0 µg/L
No 46
F
56 Prescott Valley 380.0 µg/L
No 6
D
57 Prescott 370.0 µg/L
No 33
F
58 Nogales 340.0 µg/L
No 39
F
59 Sierra Vista 320.0 µg/L
No 44
D
60 Sahuarita 310.0 µg/L
No 19
F
61 Fort Huachuca 240.0 µg/L
No 9
F
62 Catalina 230.0 µg/L
No 2
D
63 Kaibeto 160.0 µg/L
No 0
B
64 Vaya Chin, Hickiwan, San Simon Village/S 148.0 µg/L
No 1
A-
65 Flagstaff 140.0 µg/L
No 74
D
66 Heber 140.0 µg/L
No 11
F
67 Grand Canyon 44.0 µg/L
No 11
D

Frequently asked questions about strontium in Arizona

Is strontium in Arizona tap water harmful?

Strontium at low levels is not considered harmful, but the EPA set a health reference level (HRL) of 1,500 µg/L based on potential bone effects. 16 cities in Arizona exceed this HRL. There is currently no federal MCL for strontium. Children may be more susceptible because strontium can substitute for calcium in developing bones.

How can I remove strontium from my drinking water?

Reverse osmosis and ion exchange (water softener) systems are effective at removing strontium from drinking water. Standard carbon filters are NOT effective. If your water comes from a well in an area with limestone or dolomite geology, consider testing for strontium.