01The verdict: is Paonia water safe?
Paonia's drinking water has significant quality concerns based on EPA testing data. With a grade of D (48.5/100), the system has issues across multiple categories. A water filter is recommended for all residents. The city's 10 water systems serve approximately 3,847 residents using groundwater (wells).
107 unresolved violations on record
EPA records show open compliance items for this system. Most are administrative, but unresolved items are worth watching.
See what was cited ↓Lead is well under the limit
90th-percentile lead is 0.0 ppb — beneath the 15 ppb federal action level and under the 5 ppb watch threshold.
See the trend ↓143 violations in the last five years
Recent compliance history is the best predictor of future problems — the year-by-year record is below.
See the record ↓Paonia's drinking water received a grade of D (48.5 out of 100), indicating poor water quality. The city's 10 water systems serve approximately 3,847 residents using ground water under influence.
Lead levels were measured at 0.0 ppb (90th percentile), well within EPA limits. This system has not yet been tested for PFAS under the EPA UCMR 5 program. The system has 561 violations on record, including 29 health-based violations. 107 remain unresolved.
Paonia ranks #178 out of 244 cities in Colorado for water quality, placing it below average in the state. Paonia relies on groundwater, which is generally less vulnerable to surface contamination but can be affected by naturally occurring minerals like arsenic and nitrate, as well as agricultural and industrial runoff. The system has seen 143 violations in the past five years, suggesting a pattern of compliance challenges that residents should monitor closely.
02What's in Paonia's water
Every contaminant flagged in Paonia, on one shared scale: distance to its own legal limit. The red line is the limit — anything past it is out of compliance, and the closer a bar gets, the less headroom the system has.
Full contaminants report
| Contaminant | Detected Level | EPA Limit | Unit | Category | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead (90th percentile) LeadHeavy Metal A toxic heavy metal that can leach into drinking water from older pipes, solder, and fixtures. No amount of lead in water is considered safe. Health EffectsBrain and nervous system damage in children, kidney damage, high blood pressure, and reproductive problems in adults. EPA Limit15 ppb action level Common SourcesCorrosion of lead pipes, lead solder, brass faucets, and household plumbing. | 0.0 | 15 | ppb | Inorganic | Safe |
Cities ranked by 90th-percentile lead PF PFAS in Colorado
Cities ranked by compounds detected Cu Copper in Colorado
Cities ranked by 90th-percentile copper
03Paonia's ten-year track record
Each box is one year. A green check means no EPA violations; a numbered badge counts that year's violations — red if any were health-based, amber if they were monitoring or paperwork issues. The system has 561 violations on record, including 29 health-based violations. 107 remain unresolved.
1 of the last ten years was clean. The numbered years had EPA violations — red when any were health-based, amber when they were paperwork or missed-testing issues.
▼ Down 11 ppb since 1993. Latest reading: 0.40 ppb (2025) — 3% of the action level. Sampled at higher-risk homes (90th percentile).
04Where Paonia's water comes from
Paonia's drinking water is drawn from underground aquifers through wells.
Ground Water Under Influence
Underground aquifers reached by wells — naturally filtered, but can carry minerals like arsenic and nitrate.
Local treatment
Groundwater generally needs less treatment — typically disinfection and, where needed, mineral removal.
10 systems
10 water systems, operated under local government ownership.
3,847 people
Residents served across Paonia's service area.
Groundwater is naturally filtered through rock and soil layers, generally requiring less treatment than surface water. However, it can contain naturally occurring contaminants like arsenic, radon, and minerals. Agricultural activity, septic systems, and industrial operations near well fields can introduce nitrates, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds. The system is operated by local government ownership and serves approximately 3,847 people through 10 water systems.
| System name | PWSID | Population | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| PAONIA TOWN OF | CO0115601 | 2,499 | Ground Water Under Influence |
| BONE MESA DOMESTIC WD | CO0115152 | 400 | Ground Water Under Influence |
| PITKIN MESA PIPELINE CO | CO0115610 | 295 | Ground Water Under Influence |
| STEWART MESA WC | CO0115724 | 250 | GUP |
| HIDDEN VALLEY HOA WATER COMPANY | CO0115342 | 120 | Purchased Surface Water |
| MINNESOTA PIPELINE | CO0115513 | 72 | Purchased Surface Water |
| HAMMOND PIPELINE | CO0115340 | 70 | GUP |
| WEST PAONIA DOMESTIC WATER COMPANY | CO0115838 | 57 | Purchased Surface Water |
| SOUTH LAMBORN MESA WATER COMPANY | CO0115716 | 47 | Purchased Surface Water |
| WESTERN EXTENSION DOMESTIC WATER COMPANY | CO0115841 | 37 | Purchased Surface Water |
Water bodies near Paonia
These water bodies shape the regional watershed and can indirectly affect groundwater quality.
05Pressure on Paonia's watershed
Outside forces that shape what reaches the treatment plant. None of these is a verdict on the tap by itself — but each adds pressure worth knowing about.
Flood & storm history
4 federal disaster declarations on record for Delta County. Flooding and severe storms can overwhelm treatment plants, cause sewage overflows, and push runoff into supplies.
Drought
Delta County is in D4 (exceptional drought) per the U.S. Drought Monitor (week of Jul 2026). Drought can raise disinfection-byproduct levels and taste/odor issues as utilities draw from lower reservoirs.
06How Paonia compares
Scores for nearby Colorado cities on one line, with the average marked.
dashed line = Colorado average (45/100)
Paonia scores 48.5/100 — on par with the Colorado average of 45/100. It outscores 9 of 10 nearby cities. Full Colorado rankings →
39.6 / 100FAurora, CO
38.1 / 100FColorado Springs, CO
33.5 / 100DFort Collins, CO
46.8 / 100FLakewood, CO
36.9 / 100FThornton, CO
38 / 100
Compare all cities in the county — grades, violations, and contaminant data side by side.→
07What to do at home
Steps matched to what testing actually found in Paonia's water — not generic advice.
A basic carbon filter still helps
Paonia's water meets federal standards, but a simple carbon filter improves taste and adds a margin of safety against short-term issues.
Compare tested filters →Read your utility's annual report
Every utility must publish a yearly Consumer Confidence Report with its own testing results. It pairs well with the independent data on this page.
How to read a CCR →Watch for Paonia alerts
This area has a history of flood declarations — after severe weather, watch for boil-water advisories from the utility, and check the live alerts on this page.
All water alerts →Frequently asked questions
Is Paonia, CO tap water safe to drink?
Paonia's water quality earned a grade of D (48.5/100). Significant issues have been found. A water filter is strongly recommended. The city ranks #178 out of 244 cities tested in Colorado.
What contaminants are in Paonia's water?
Lead was measured at 0.0 ppb (90th percentile). 561 violations are on record.
How is Paonia's water quality grade calculated?
The grade is based on four factors: violation history (40%), lead and copper levels (25%), PFAS contamination (25%), and regulatory compliance (10%). The score is also adjusted based on how complete the available data is. See our methodology page for full details.
Do I need a water filter in Paonia?
Based on current data, basic filtration should suffice for additional peace of mind.
Where does Paonia's water come from?
Paonia's water is sourced from Ground water under influence. The city has 10 water systems serving approximately 3,847 residents.
What health violations has Paonia's water system had?
Paonia has 29 health-based violations on record. The most recent violation was recorded in July 2025. Health-based violations mean the water exceeded EPA maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for a regulated substance. 107 violations remain unresolved.
Is Paonia's groundwater at risk of contamination?
Paonia uses groundwater, which can be affected by naturally occurring contaminants like arsenic, radon, and nitrate, as well as agricultural runoff and industrial activity. The system has 561 violations on record that may relate to groundwater quality. Groundwater systems are generally less susceptible to surface contamination but should be monitored for emerging contaminants like PFAS.
How does Paonia's water compare to other cities?
Paonia ranks #178 out of 244 cities in Colorado (better than 27% of state cities) and #13192 out of 15382 cities nationally (14th percentile). The grade of D reflects the combined assessment of violation history, lead and copper levels, PFAS contamination, and regulatory compliance.