Is Helena, MT Tap Water Safe to Drink?
Graded F — but Copper and Chlorate were detected above EPA limits. Here's what's in the water and how to remove it. What to do next ↓
39.1/100
waterverge.com Helena, MT — Water Quality Report
Helena's drinking water received a grade of F (39.1 out of 100), indicating failing water quality. The city's 44 water systems serve approximately 43,700 residents using surface water.
Lead levels were measured at 6.0 ppb (90th percentile), which is within EPA limits but above recommended levels. UCMR 5 testing detected 1 PFAS compound in the water supply.
The system has 2303 violations on record, including 90 health-based violations. 266 remain unresolved.
What to know about Helena's water
Helena ranks #114 out of 115 cities in Montana for water quality, placing it among the lowest-rated in the state.
The city draws from surface water sources, which are more susceptible to seasonal runoff and agricultural contamination, requiring extensive multi-barrier treatment including coagulation, filtration, and disinfection.
PFAS compounds were detected in testing, though levels remain within current EPA limits. Residents seeking extra precaution may consider an activated carbon or reverse osmosis filter.
Haloacetic acid (HAA5) levels were elevated at 39.4 µg/L in UCMR 4 testing, though below the 60 µg/L EPA limit. Activated carbon filtration can help reduce these disinfection byproducts.
Hexavalent chromium (chromium-6) was detected at 0.12 µg/L in UCMR 3 testing. While below California's 10 µg/L limit and with no federal MCL set, residents sensitive to this contaminant may consider reverse osmosis filtration.
While lead levels are within EPA limits, they are above the recommended 5 ppb threshold that health organizations consider ideal. A point-of-use filter adds an extra layer of protection.
The system has seen 180 violations in the past five years, suggesting a pattern of compliance challenges that residents should monitor closely.
Water quality score
See methodology →Is Helena, MT water safe to drink?
Helena's drinking water has significant quality concerns based on EPA testing data. With a grade of F (39.1/100), the system has issues across multiple categories. A water filter is recommended for all residents. The city's 44 water systems serve approximately 43,700 residents using surface water (rivers, lakes, or reservoirs).
Recent water quality updates for Helena
A timeline of significant water quality events, violations, and data updates.
Detected at levels within current EPA limits. PFAS persist indefinitely in the environment.
Latest EPA compliance and testing data incorporated into Helena's water quality assessment. Grade: F (39.1/100).
Contaminants: Lead and Copper Rule.
1 health-based. Contaminants: Revised Total Coliform Rule, Consumer Confidence Rule, Lead and Copper Rule.
Contaminants: E. COLI.
Federal disaster declaration (FEMA DR-4405). Flood event — may have impacted local water infrastructure.
Key contaminant findings
Based on the most recent EPA sampling data for Helena's water supply.
Within EPA limits but above the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended level of 1 ppb. An NSF 53-certified filter provides additional protection.
Exceeds EPA action level. Copper can leach from household plumbing — flush taps for 30 seconds before drinking.
Detected but within current EPA limits. PFAS do not break down in the environment and can accumulate in the body over time. An activated carbon filter can reduce exposure.
Violation history
Helena's water system has 2,303 total violations on record, including 90 health-based violations. 266 remain unresolved. 180 violations were issued in the last 5 years.
Flood & environmental risk
Lewis and Clark County has experienced 4 federally declared disasters since 1975. Flooding and severe storms can overwhelm water treatment plants, cause sewage overflows, and introduce agricultural runoff, bacteria, and sediment into drinking water supplies. Local water sources include Prickly Pear Creek Near Clancy, Tenmile Creek Near Helena.
Where does Helena's water come from?
Helena's drinking water comes from surface water (rivers, lakes, or reservoirs), supplied by 44 water systems serving approximately 43,700 people. Surface water sources are more susceptible to contamination from runoff, industrial discharge, and algal blooms, requiring extensive treatment. Nearby water bodies include Prickly Pear Creek Near Clancy (river), Tenmile Creek Near Helena (river).
What Helena residents can do
Recommended: Activated carbon or reverse osmosis filter. This addresses the specific contaminants found in Helena's water.
Your water utility is required to publish an annual Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) with detailed testing results. Ask for the latest copy or check your utility's website.
Run cold water for 30 seconds before drinking, especially in the morning. Lead and copper leach from household plumbing when water sits in pipes.
Helena's area has a history of flooding. After severe weather, watch for boil water advisories from your local utility.
Data: EPA SDWIS, UCMR 5 (PFAS), FEMA, NOAA. Last updated May 2026.
Top contaminants to know
View all ↓Forever chemicals overview
National PFAS report →Violation summary
Violations & advisories
Top industrial polluters within 10 miles of Helena
Industrial polluters nearby
Reported releases to surface water by facilities near Helena, ranked by pounds discharged annually.
Total reported releases to surface water: 0 lbs
| Facility | Top chemical | To surface water (lbs/yr) | Distance |
|---|---|---|---|
ASH GROVE CEMENT CO MONTANA CITY PLANT CLANCY, MT59634 | Lead compounds | 0 | 5.3 mi |
FORTERRA CONCRETE PRODUCTS - HELENA HELENA, MT59601 | — | — | 1.3 mi |
MARKS-MILLER POST & POLE INC CLANCY, MT59634 | — | — | 8.4 mi |
AMERICAN CHEMET CORP EAST HELENA, MT59635 | — | — | 4.3 mi |
US ARMY NATIONAL GUARD FORT HARRISON RANGES FORT HARRISON, MT59636 | — | — | 4.0 mi |
Source: EPA Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) 2023
Superfund sites within 10 miles of Helena
Superfund sites nearby
Federally tracked hazardous-waste sites on the EPA National Priorities List. Proximity does not necessarily indicate tap-water contamination — the connection depends on hydrology and treatment.
- EAST HELENA SITE4.7 mi
Source: EPA Superfund National Priorities List
Drought conditions
D2 — severe droughtLewis and Clark County is currently in D2 (severe drought) per the U.S. Drought Monitor (week of May 5, 2026). Drought can elevate disinfection-byproduct (TTHM/HAA5) levels and taste/odor issues as utilities draw from lower reservoirs.
Source: U.S. Drought Monitor, updated weekly by NDMC, USDA, and NOAA.
Flood & disaster history
Lewis and Clark County has experienced 4 federally declared disasters since 1975. Flooding and severe weather can compromise water treatment infrastructure and introduce contaminants into drinking water supplies.
Recommended water filters
Based on contaminants detected in Helena's water supply, we recommend the following filter types.
Full contaminants report
| Contaminant | Detected Level | EPA Limit | Unit | Category | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead (90th percentile) LeadHeavy Metal A toxic heavy metal that can leach into drinking water from older pipes, solder, and fixtures. No amount of lead in water is considered safe. Health EffectsBrain and nervous system damage in children, kidney damage, high blood pressure, and reproductive problems in adults. EPA Limit15 ppb action level Common SourcesCorrosion of lead pipes, lead solder, brass faucets, and household plumbing. | 6.0 | 15 | ppb | Inorganic | Safe |
| Copper (90th percentile) CopperInorganic A metal that enters drinking water mainly through corrosion of copper plumbing. Small amounts are essential for health, but excess levels are harmful. Health EffectsGastrointestinal distress (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) at short-term high levels; liver and kidney damage from long-term exposure. EPA Limit1.3 mg/L action level Common SourcesCorrosion of copper household plumbing, erosion of natural deposits. | 2.10 | 1.3 | mg/L | Inorganic | Over Limit |
| 11Cl-PF3OUdS | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| 4:2 FTS | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| 6:2 FTS 6:2 FTSPFAS A fluorotelomer sulfonate commonly found at sites contaminated with aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) used in firefighting. Health EffectsPotential liver toxicity and endocrine disruption. Less studied but identified as a contaminant of concern. EPA LimitNo individual MCL (not yet regulated) Common SourcesFirefighting foam (AFFF), airports, military bases, and industrial facilities. | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| 8:2 FTS | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| 9Cl-PF3ONS | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| ADONA | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| HFPO-DA HFPO-DA (GenX)PFAS A replacement for PFOA in manufacturing, marketed as safer but still a persistent "forever chemical." Also known as GenX. Health EffectsLiver and kidney effects, reproductive toxicity, immune system effects, and potential cancer risk. EPA Limit10 ppt MCL Common SourcesFluoropolymer manufacturing (used as PFOA replacement), industrial wastewater discharge. | ND | 0.01 | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| lithium LithiumInorganic A naturally occurring alkali metal found in groundwater. Monitored under UCMR 5 to assess occurrence in drinking water. Health EffectsKidney effects at high doses. Low-level exposure effects under study; some research suggests neurological effects. EPA LimitNo MCL (monitoring only under UCMR 5) Common SourcesNatural mineral deposits, geothermal water, and industrial discharge. | 78.000 | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Detected |
| NEtFOSAA | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| NFDHA | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| NMeFOSAA | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFBA PFBAPFAS One of the shortest-chain PFAS compounds. Very mobile in water and difficult to remove with standard filtration. Health EffectsThyroid effects, potential developmental toxicity. Shorter half-life in body than long-chain PFAS. EPA LimitNo individual MCL (not yet regulated) Common SourcesDegradation of longer-chain PFAS, industrial discharge, and firefighting foam. | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFBS PFBSPFAS A short-chain PFAS used as a replacement for PFOS. While it clears the body faster than long-chain PFAS, it still persists in the environment. Health EffectsThyroid effects, reproductive and developmental toxicity, kidney effects. EPA LimitPart of Hazard Index (1.0) Common SourcesIndustrial discharge, firefighting foam, and as a replacement chemical in manufacturing. | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFDA | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFDoA | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFEESA | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFHpA PFHpAPFAS A medium-chain PFAS compound found in various environmental samples. Less studied than PFOA/PFOS but still considered a contaminant of concern. Health EffectsLiver effects, potential developmental toxicity, and endocrine disruption. EPA LimitPart of Hazard Index (1.0) Common SourcesDegradation of longer-chain PFAS, industrial discharge, and contaminated water sources. | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFHpS | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFHxA PFHxAPFAS A short-chain PFAS replacement chemical widely used after manufacturers phased out longer-chain PFAS. Very commonly detected in water. Health EffectsLiver and kidney effects, potential thyroid disruption. Considered less toxic than long-chain PFAS but still persistent. EPA LimitNo individual MCL (not yet regulated) Common SourcesIndustrial processes, firefighting foam (AFFF), food packaging, and textile treatment. | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFHxS PFHxSPFAS A medium-chain PFAS found in firefighting foam and consumer products. It has a long half-life in the human body, similar to long-chain PFAS. Health EffectsImmune system effects, thyroid disruption, and potential reproductive and developmental harm. EPA LimitPart of Hazard Index (1.0) Common SourcesFirefighting foam (AFFF), waterproof textiles, food packaging, and industrial discharge. | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFMBA | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFMPA | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFNA PFNAPFAS A long-chain PFAS compound used in manufacturing fluoropolymers. It bioaccumulates in the body and is very persistent in the environment. Health EffectsDevelopmental effects, liver toxicity, immune suppression, and potential cancer risk. EPA LimitPart of Hazard Index (1.0) Common SourcesFluoropolymer manufacturing, industrial emissions, and contaminated water sources. | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFOA PFOAPFAS A long-chain PFAS ("forever chemical") once widely used in nonstick coatings and firefighting foam. It persists in the body and environment for years. Health EffectsLinked to kidney and testicular cancer, thyroid disease, elevated cholesterol, and reproductive issues. EPA Limit4.0 ppt MCL Common SourcesIndustrial discharge, firefighting foam (AFFF), nonstick cookware manufacturing, and contaminated groundwater. | ND | 0.004 | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFOS PFOSPFAS A long-chain PFAS compound historically used in stain-resistant coatings and firefighting foam. One of the most studied and persistent PFAS chemicals. Health EffectsLiver damage, immune system suppression, thyroid disruption, increased cholesterol, and potential cancer risk. EPA Limit4.0 ppt MCL Common SourcesFirefighting foam (AFFF), industrial sites, stain-resistant fabric treatments, and contaminated groundwater. | ND | 0.004 | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFPeA PFPeAPFAS A short-chain PFAS compound commonly detected in drinking water. One of the most frequently found PFAS in UCMR 5 monitoring. Health EffectsLess studied than PFOA/PFOS. Potential liver and thyroid effects. Research is ongoing. EPA LimitNo individual MCL (not yet regulated) Common SourcesIndustrial discharge, firefighting foam degradation, and consumer products. | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFPeS | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFTA | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFTrDA | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
| PFUnA | ND | HI | µg/L | PFAS | Not Detected |
Lead level trend (90th percentile)
Copper level trend (90th percentile)
See how Helena compares by contaminant
Explore where Helena ranks among all Montana cities for specific contaminants.
Water source & infrastructure
Where Helena's water comes from
Helena's drinking water comes primarily from surface water sources such as rivers, lakes, or reservoirs.
Surface water systems require multi-stage treatment including coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection to meet EPA Safe Drinking Water Act standards.
These sources can be impacted by seasonal changes, stormwater runoff, upstream agriculture, and industrial discharge.
The system is operated by local government ownership and serves approximately 43,700 people through 44 water systems.
Water bodies near Helena
Helena is located near 2 notable water bodies. As a surface water system, these water bodies may directly influence the city's drinking water supply.
Water systems serving Helena
| System Name | PWSID | Population | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| HELENA WATER SYSTEM | MT0000241 | 32,091 | SW |
| EAST HELENA CITY OF | MT0000196 | 2,114 | GW |
| HELENA LEISURE LLC | MT0000590 | 1,200 | GW |
| JEFFERSON HILLS WUA | MT0002978 | 780 | GW |
| TEN MILE AND PLEASANT VALLEY WUA | MT0002005 | 750 | GW |
| NORTH STAR PUD | MT0004264 | 715 | GW |
| MCHUGH MOBILE HOME PARK | MT0002917 | 490 | GW |
| TREASURE STATE ACRES WUA | MT0002390 | 483 | GW |
| LA CASA GRANDE WATER AND SEWER DISTRICT | MT0001924 | 404 | GW |
| SKYVIEW WATER AND SEWER UTILITY | MT0004039 | 400 | GW |
| GOLDEN ESTATES HOMEOWNERS ASSOCIATION | MT0004187 | 400 | GW |
| MOBILE CITY HOME PARK NO 2 | MT0003043 | 300 | GW |
| RANCHVIEW ESTATES WUA | MT0003782 | 250 | GW |
| HELENA RV AND MOBILE HOME PARK | MT0000426 | 250 | GW |
| GRASS LAND ESTATES | MT0004448 | 228 | GW |
| HOLMBERG VILLAGE ESTATES | MT0004190 | 225 | GW |
| GOLDEN ESTATES TRAILER COURT | MT0000597 | 225 | GW |
| GLACIER POINT HO AND WUA | MT0004559 | 210 | GW |
| BRIDGE CREEK ESTATES SUBDIVISION | MT0004555 | 205 | GW |
| TOWN VIEW ESTATES WUA INC | MT0002172 | 175 | GW |
| PRAIRIE MOBILE VILLAGE | MT0000600 | 163 | GW |
| PEBBLE GARDENS MOBILE HOME CT | MT0000603 | 125 | GW |
| HOMESTEAD VALLEY WUA HVHA | MT0003251 | 105 | GW |
| MOBILE CITY HOME PARK NO 1 | MT0000601 | 100 | GW |
| BRYANT NO 3 SUBDIVISION | MT0004489 | 100 | GW |
| NORTH FORESTVALE HOMEOWNERS | MT0001793 | 98 | GW |
| CAMEL MOUNTAIN HOA | MT0000572 | 96 | GW |
| CAMELOT HOA | MT0000615 | 96 | GW |
| MASONIC HOME OF MONTANA | MT0000245 | 90 | GW |
| PARK EVERGREEN TRAILER COURT | MT0000421 | 87 | GW |
| APPLEGATE VILLAGE | MT0004144 | 85 | GW |
| SOUTH FORESTVALE HOA | MT0003881 | 82 | GW |
| RUGER WATER DISTRICT | MT0004143 | 79 | GW |
| BARNETT WATER USERS SYSTEM | MT0003183 | 70 | GW |
| BLUE CLOUD SUBDIVISION | MT0004288 | 60 | GW |
| BEACON TRAILER COURT HELENA | MT0000596 | 55 | GW |
| HELENA NORTH KOA | MT0003679 | 50 | GW |
| GRAND VALLEY ESTATES SUBDIVISION | MT0004474 | 50 | GW |
| MOONLIGHT ESTATES HOA | MT0004872 | 44 | GW |
| BROADWATER ESTATES HOA | MT0004697 | 40 | GW |
| MOBILE CITY 3 | MT0005088 | 40 | SWP |
| TRAILS END TR PARK HELENA | MT0000605 | 35 | GW |
| ROSEMARYS ADDITION | MT0002743 | 30 | GW |
| WESTERN SKIES MOBILE CT | MT0000519 | 25 | GW |
How Helena compares
Full Montana rankings →Helena's score of 39.1/100 is below the average of 48/100 among major Montana cities. It outscores 1 of 10 nearby cities. 9 of 10 nearby cities score higher.
Nearby cities
View Montana rankings →About Helena, MT
Wikipedia →Helena is the capital city of the U.S. state of Montana and the county seat of Lewis and Clark County.
Learn more about your water
Guides and resources related to Helena's water quality findings.
Explore water quality across Lewis And Clark
Frequently asked questions
Is Helena, MT tap water safe to drink?
Helena's water quality earned a grade of F (39.1/100). Significant issues have been found. A water filter is strongly recommended. The city ranks #114 out of 115 cities tested in Montana.
What contaminants are in Helena's water?
Lead was measured at 6.0 ppb (90th percentile). 1 PFAS compound was detected. 2303 violations are on record.
How is Helena's water quality grade calculated?
The grade is based on four factors: violation history (40%), lead and copper levels (25%), PFAS contamination (25%), and regulatory compliance (10%). The score is also adjusted based on how complete the available data is. See our methodology page for full details.
Do I need a water filter in Helena?
While lead levels are within EPA limits, a filter adds extra protection. PFAS compounds have been detected. A filter with activated carbon can help reduce exposure.
Where does Helena's water come from?
Helena's water is sourced from Surface water. The city has 44 water systems serving approximately 43,700 residents.
What health violations has Helena's water system had?
Helena has 90 health-based violations on record. The most recent violation was recorded in January 2026. Health-based violations mean the water exceeded EPA maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for a regulated substance. 266 violations remain unresolved.
How does Helena's water compare to other cities?
Helena ranks #114 out of 115 cities in Montana (better than 1% of state cities) and #15272 out of 15744 cities nationally (3th percentile). The grade of F reflects the combined assessment of violation history, lead and copper levels, PFAS contamination, and regulatory compliance.