01The verdict: is Carbon Hill water safe?
Based on EPA testing data, Carbon Hill's tap water is generally safe to drink. The water system earned a grade of A (92.9/100), meeting federal drinking water standards across key contaminant categories. The city's 1 water system serves approximately 3,159 residents using surface water (rivers, lakes, or reservoirs).
Nothing over a legal limit
Every contaminant measured in Carbon Hill's water is within its EPA limit, and no violations are unresolved.
See the testing ↓Lead is well under the limit
90th-percentile lead is 0.0 ppb — beneath the 15 ppb federal action level and under the 5 ppb watch threshold.
See the trend ↓6 violations in the last five years
Recent compliance history is the best predictor of future problems — the year-by-year record is below.
See the record ↓Carbon Hill's drinking water received a grade of A (92.9 out of 100), indicating excellent water quality. The city's 1 water system serves approximately 3,159 residents using purchased surface water.
Lead levels were measured at 0.0 ppb (90th percentile), well within EPA limits. This system has not yet been tested for PFAS under the EPA UCMR 5 program. The system has 13 violations on record, including 2 health-based violations. All violations have been resolved.
Carbon Hill ranks #51 out of 351 cities in Alabama for water quality, placing it above average in the state. The city draws from surface water sources, which are more susceptible to seasonal runoff and agricultural contamination, requiring extensive multi-barrier treatment including coagulation, filtration, and disinfection. As a small community water system, Carbon Hill may have fewer resources for advanced treatment technologies and infrastructure upgrades compared to larger utilities. The system has seen 6 violations in the past five years, suggesting a pattern of compliance challenges that residents should monitor closely.
02What's in Carbon Hill's water
Every contaminant flagged in Carbon Hill, on one shared scale: distance to its own legal limit. The red line is the limit — anything past it is out of compliance, and the closer a bar gets, the less headroom the system has.
Full contaminants report
| Contaminant | Detected Level | EPA Limit | Unit | Category | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead (90th percentile) LeadHeavy Metal A toxic heavy metal that can leach into drinking water from older pipes, solder, and fixtures. No amount of lead in water is considered safe. Health EffectsBrain and nervous system damage in children, kidney damage, high blood pressure, and reproductive problems in adults. EPA Limit15 ppb action level Common SourcesCorrosion of lead pipes, lead solder, brass faucets, and household plumbing. | 0.0 | 15 | ppb | Inorganic | Safe |
Cities ranked by 90th-percentile lead PF PFAS in Alabama
Cities ranked by compounds detected Cu Copper in Alabama
Cities ranked by 90th-percentile copper
03Carbon Hill's ten-year track record
Each box is one year. A green check means no EPA violations; a numbered badge counts that year's violations — red if any were health-based, amber if they were monitoring or paperwork issues. The system has 13 violations on record, including 2 health-based violations. All violations have been resolved.
8 of the last ten years were clean. The numbered years had EPA violations — red when any were health-based, amber when they were paperwork or missed-testing issues.
▼ Down 5 ppb since 1993. Latest reading: 0 ppb (2023) — 0% of the action level. Sampled at higher-risk homes (90th percentile).
04Where Carbon Hill's water comes from
Carbon Hill's drinking water comes primarily from surface water sources such as rivers, lakes, or reservoirs.
Purchased Surface Water
Rivers, lakes, or reservoirs — more exposed to runoff, agriculture, and seasonal swings than groundwater.
Wholesale supplier
Multi-barrier treatment: coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection to meet EPA standards.
1 system
1 water system, operated under local government ownership.
3,159 people
Residents served across Carbon Hill's service area.
Surface water systems require multi-stage treatment including coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection to meet EPA Safe Drinking Water Act standards. These sources can be impacted by seasonal changes, stormwater runoff, upstream agriculture, and industrial discharge. The system is operated by local government ownership and serves approximately 3,159 people through 1 water system.
| System name | PWSID | Population | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CARBON HILL UTILITIES BOARD | AL0001324 | 3,159 | Purchased Surface Water |
05Pressure on Carbon Hill's watershed
Outside forces that shape what reaches the treatment plant. None of these is a verdict on the tap by itself — but each adds pressure worth knowing about.
Industrial discharge
2 facilities within 10 miles reported 0 lb released to surface water in the latest EPA Toxics Release Inventory. Proximity doesn't equal tap contamination — treatment and hydrology decide — but it's pressure on the watershed.
Flood & storm history
8 federal disaster declarations on record for Walker County. Flooding and severe storms can overwhelm treatment plants, cause sewage overflows, and push runoff into supplies.
06How Carbon Hill compares
Scores for nearby Alabama cities on one line, with the average marked.
dashed line = Alabama average (78/100)
Carbon Hill scores 92.9/100 — above the Alabama average of 78/100. It outscores 10 of 10 nearby cities. Full Alabama rankings →
89.2 / 100CHuntsville, AL
69.8 / 100AMontgomery, AL
88.7 / 100AMobile, AL
87.9 / 100ATuscaloosa, AL
87.6 / 100BBessemer, AL
72.5 / 100
Compare all cities in the county — grades, violations, and contaminant data side by side.→
07What to do at home
Steps matched to what testing actually found in Carbon Hill's water — not generic advice.
A basic carbon filter still helps
Carbon Hill's water meets federal standards, but a simple carbon filter improves taste and adds a margin of safety against short-term issues.
Compare tested filters →Read your utility's annual report
Every utility must publish a yearly Consumer Confidence Report with its own testing results. It pairs well with the independent data on this page.
How to read a CCR →Watch for Carbon Hill alerts
This area has a history of flood declarations — after severe weather, watch for boil-water advisories from the utility, and check the live alerts on this page.
All water alerts →Frequently asked questions
Is Carbon Hill, AL tap water safe to drink?
Carbon Hill's water quality earned a grade of A (92.9/100). The water generally meets EPA standards and is considered safe for consumption. The city ranks #51 out of 351 cities tested in Alabama.
What contaminants are in Carbon Hill's water?
Lead was measured at 0.0 ppb (90th percentile). 13 violations are on record.
How is Carbon Hill's water quality grade calculated?
The grade is based on four factors: violation history (40%), lead and copper levels (25%), PFAS contamination (25%), and regulatory compliance (10%). The score is also adjusted based on how complete the available data is. See our methodology page for full details.
Do I need a water filter in Carbon Hill?
Based on current data, basic filtration should suffice for additional peace of mind.
Where does Carbon Hill's water come from?
Carbon Hill's water is sourced from Purchased surface water. The city has 1 water system serving approximately 3,159 residents.
What health violations has Carbon Hill's water system had?
Carbon Hill has 2 health-based violations on record. The most recent violation was recorded in August 2021. Health-based violations mean the water exceeded EPA maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for a regulated substance. All health violations have been resolved.
How does Carbon Hill's water compare to other cities?
Carbon Hill ranks #51 out of 351 cities in Alabama (better than 85% of state cities) and #1046 out of 15382 cities nationally (93th percentile). The grade of A reflects the combined assessment of violation history, lead and copper levels, PFAS contamination, and regulatory compliance.
Does Carbon Hill's small water system affect quality?
Carbon Hill's system serves approximately 3,159 residents. Small community water systems (under 3,300 people) may have fewer financial resources for infrastructure upgrades and advanced treatment technologies. However, they are held to the same EPA drinking water standards as larger systems. This system has 13 violations on record.