Lead in Vermont Drinking Water
Ranked by 90th percentile lead level (ppb) · Data from EPA SDWIS & UCMR
Lead in Vermont: what the data shows
Vermont has 104 cities with lead monitoring data, with very few cities exceeding the EPA action level of 15 ppb. The state average 90th percentile lead level is 2.9 ppb, compared to 3.3 ppb nationally — better than the national average. 2 cities exceed the 15 ppb action level. High lead levels in tap water typically indicate aging infrastructure — lead service lines, lead solder in older plumbing, or lead-containing brass fixtures. There is no safe level of lead exposure for children. The 90th percentile measurement means that 90% of tap samples in a city are at or below the reported level. This is the standard EPA uses under the Lead and Copper Rule to determine if a water system needs to take corrective action. An NSF 53-certified pitcher or under-sink filter can effectively remove lead at the tap.
Cities exceeding 15 ppb EPA Action Level
Lead data across Vermont
Each dot is a city, colored by overall water quality grade. Cities with lead levels above the 15 ppb EPA action level are highlighted. Size reflects population served.
Top 10 cities by lead level in Vermont
Highest Lead levels (ppb)
All Vermont cities ranked by lead level
| # | City | Level | Level | Exceeds? | Violations | Grade |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Plymouth | 47.6 ppb | Yes | 27 | F | |
| 2 | Warren | 40.4 ppb | Yes | 50 | F | |
| 3 | Rutland Town | 12.1 ppb | No | 95 | F | |
| 4 | Rockingham | 11.3 ppb | No | 3 | C | |
| 5 | Killington | 8.8 ppb | No | 156 | F | |
| 6 | Bradford | 8.5 ppb | No | 11 | B+ | |
| 7 | Barnet | 8.0 ppb | No | 20 | F | |
| 8 | Saint Johnsbury | 6.7 ppb | No | 24 | C+ | |
| 9 | Royalton | 6.5 ppb | No | 19 | C- | |
| 10 | Grand Isle | 6.3 ppb | No | 11 | B+ | |
| 11 | Northfield | 5.0 ppb | No | 7 | B+ | |
| 12 | Hinesburg | 5.0 ppb | No | 15 | B | |
| 13 | West Rutland | 4.7 ppb | No | 2 | A | |
| 14 | Barton | 4.7 ppb | No | 6 | B- | |
| 15 | Proctor | 4.3 ppb | No | 67 | C+ | |
| 16 | Newbury | 4.0 ppb | No | 8 | B- | |
| 17 | Wilmington | 3.7 ppb | No | 8 | D | |
| 18 | Woodstock | 3.5 ppb | No | 8 | B+ | |
| 19 | South Hero | 3.4 ppb | No | 14 | B | |
| 20 | Richmond | 3.3 ppb | No | 20 | B | |
| 21 | Hartford | 3.2 ppb | No | 23 | D | |
| 22 | Ludlow | 3.2 ppb | No | 62 | F | |
| 23 | Swanton | 2.8 ppb | No | 15 | B | |
| 24 | Stratton | 2.7 ppb | No | 5 | A- | |
| 25 | Stowe | 2.7 ppb | No | 35 | D | |
| 26 | Lyndon | 2.7 ppb | No | 6 | A- | |
| 27 | Windsor | 2.7 ppb | No | 7 | B+ | |
| 28 | Williamstown | 2.7 ppb | No | 16 | A- | |
| 29 | West Windsor | 2.7 ppb | No | 4 | A | |
| 30 | Bridport | 2.6 ppb | No | 10 | A | |
| 31 | Plainfield | 2.6 ppb | No | 0 | B+ | |
| 32 | Chelsea | 2.6 ppb | No | 22 | B+ | |
| 33 | Saint George | 2.6 ppb | No | 32 | B+ | |
| 34 | Chester | 2.5 ppb | No | 1 | A- | |
| 35 | Poultney | 2.5 ppb | No | 0 | A | |
| 36 | Bethel | 2.5 ppb | No | 7 | A | |
| 37 | Troy | 2.5 ppb | No | 21 | B | |
| 38 | Fair Haven | 2.4 ppb | No | 2 | A | |
| 39 | Newport City | 2.3 ppb | No | 12 | B+ | |
| 40 | Enosburgh | 2.3 ppb | No | 6 | B+ | |
| 41 | Waterbury | 2.2 ppb | No | 2 | B | |
| 42 | Dover | 2.2 ppb | No | 41 | D | |
| 43 | Brandon | 2.2 ppb | No | 7 | A+ | |
| 44 | Arlington | 2.2 ppb | No | 1 | A | |
| 45 | Alburgh | 2.2 ppb | No | 37 | D | |
| 46 | Cambridge | 2.1 ppb | No | 13 | C+ | |
| 47 | Dorset | 2.1 ppb | No | 17 | B+ | |
| 48 | Lunenburg | 2.1 ppb | No | 15 | B+ | |
| 49 | Montpelier | 2.0 ppb | No | 4 | A- | |
| 50 | Jay | 2.0 ppb | No | 8 | B | |
| 51 | Cavendish | 2.0 ppb | No | 3 | B+ | |
| 52 | Bristol | 1.9 ppb | No | 3 | A | |
| 53 | Waitsfield | 1.9 ppb | No | 14 | B+ | |
| 54 | Norwich | 1.8 ppb | No | 10 | A- | |
| 55 | Bennington | 1.6 ppb | No | 96 | F | |
| 56 | Richford | 1.6 ppb | No | 9 | A- | |
| 57 | Montgomery | 1.6 ppb | No | 6 | B+ | |
| 58 | Randolph | 1.5 ppb | No | 14 | C+ | |
| 59 | Pittsford | 1.4 ppb | No | 1 | A | |
| 60 | Brighton | 1.3 ppb | No | 0 | A- | |
| 61 | Danville | 1.3 ppb | No | 4 | B | |
| 62 | Williston | 1.2 ppb | No | 0 | B+ | |
| 63 | Derby | 1.2 ppb | No | 26 | B | |
| 64 | Johnson | 1.2 ppb | No | 2 | B+ | |
| 65 | Londonderry | 1.2 ppb | No | 26 | C- | |
| 66 | East Montpelier | 1.2 ppb | No | 4 | C- | |
| 67 | Berlin | 1.1 ppb | No | 11 | D | |
| 68 | Greensboro | 1.1 ppb | No | 11 | C+ | |
| 69 | Middlebury | 1.0 ppb | No | 1 | A- | |
| 70 | Vergennes | 1.0 ppb | No | 9 | A- | |
| 71 | Essex | 0.7 ppb | No | 0 | A+ | |
| 72 | Castleton | 0.6 ppb | No | 20 | D+ | |
| 73 | Hardwick | 0.6 ppb | No | 13 | B+ | |
| 74 | Starksboro | 0.5 ppb | No | 17 | C- | |
| 75 | Winooski | 0.4 ppb | No | 0 | A | |
| 76 | Jericho | 0.3 ppb | No | 23 | C+ | |
| 77 | Burlington | 0.0 ppb | No | 0 | B+ | |
| 78 | Colchester | 0.0 ppb | No | 9 | C | |
| 79 | South Burlington | 0.0 ppb | No | 5 | B+ | |
| 80 | Rutland City | 0.0 ppb | No | 25 | A | |
| 81 | Barre City | 0.0 ppb | No | 3 | A | |
| 82 | Brattleboro | 0.0 ppb | No | 1 | B | |
| 83 | Saint Albans City | 0.0 ppb | No | 3 | A- | |
| 84 | Springfield | 0.0 ppb | No | 6 | A | |
| 85 | Milton | 0.0 ppb | No | 11 | D+ | |
| 86 | Shelburne | 0.0 ppb | No | 5 | B+ | |
| 87 | Manchester | 0.0 ppb | No | 15 | B | |
| 88 | Peru | 0.0 ppb | No | 3 | A | |
| 89 | Morristown | 0.0 ppb | No | 26 | B- | |
| 90 | North Hero | 0.0 ppb | No | 36 | A- | |
| 91 | Barre Town | 0.0 ppb | No | 10 | D | |
| 92 | Fairfax | 0.0 ppb | No | 19 | D | |
| 93 | Putney | 0.0 ppb | No | 10 | B+ | |
| 94 | Bolton | 0.0 ppb | No | 70 | C+ | |
| 95 | Canaan | 0.0 ppb | No | 3 | B | |
| 96 | Burke | 0.0 ppb | No | 14 | D+ | |
| 97 | Hyde Park | 0.0 ppb | No | 15 | B | |
| 98 | Wallingford | 0.0 ppb | No | 5 | C+ | |
| 99 | Pownal | 0.0 ppb | No | 10 | D+ | |
| 100 | Fairlee | 0.0 ppb | No | 2 | A | |
| 101 | Shaftsbury | 0.0 ppb | No | 0 | A | |
| 102 | Underhill | 0.0 ppb | No | 2 | A- | |
| 103 | Winhall | 0.0 ppb | No | 19 | B- | |
| 104 | Georgia | 0.0 ppb | No | 10 | D+ |
Frequently asked questions about lead in Vermont
Is lead in Vermont tap water a concern?
Yes — 2 of 104 cities with lead data exceed the EPA action level of 15 ppb. The state average is 2.9 ppb. Even below the action level, lead poses health risks especially for children and pregnant women. If your home was built before 1986, consider testing your tap water directly.
How can I reduce lead exposure from Vermont tap water?
Use an NSF 53-certified water filter, which is specifically certified to reduce lead. Run your cold tap for 30 seconds before drinking or cooking, especially if water has been sitting in pipes for hours. Never use hot tap water for cooking or making baby formula, as heat increases lead leaching from pipes.
Which Vermont cities have the highest lead levels?
The cities with the highest 90th percentile lead levels in Vermont are: Plymouth (47.6 ppb), Warren (40.4 ppb), Rutland Town (12.1 ppb), Rockingham (11.3 ppb), Killington (8.8 ppb). See the full ranked table above.