Is Penney Farms, FL Tap Water Safe to Drink?
Graded B, with 3 unresolved violations on record. See what was cited — and what it means for your tap. What to do next ↓
77.6/100
waterverge.com Penney Farms, FL — Water Quality Report
Penney Farms's drinking water received a grade of B (77.6 out of 100), indicating good water quality. The city's 2 water systems serve approximately 939 residents using groundwater.
Lead levels were measured at 9.8 ppb (90th percentile), which is within EPA limits but above recommended levels. This system has not yet been tested for PFAS under the EPA UCMR 5 program.
The system has 30 violations on record, including 5 health-based violations. 3 remain unresolved.
What to know about Penney Farms's water
Penney Farms ranks #166 out of 388 cities in Florida for water quality, placing it mid-range in the state.
Penney Farms relies on groundwater, which is generally less vulnerable to surface contamination but can be affected by naturally occurring minerals like arsenic and nitrate, as well as agricultural and industrial runoff.
While lead levels are within EPA limits, they are above the recommended 5 ppb threshold that health organizations consider ideal. A point-of-use filter adds an extra layer of protection.
As a small community water system, Penney Farms may have fewer resources for advanced treatment technologies and infrastructure upgrades compared to larger utilities.
The system has seen 8 violations in the past five years, suggesting a pattern of compliance challenges that residents should monitor closely.
Water quality score
See methodology →Is Penney Farms, FL water safe to drink?
Penney Farms's drinking water has significant quality concerns based on EPA testing data. With a grade of B (77.6/100), the system has issues across multiple categories. A water filter is recommended for all residents. The city's 2 water systems serve approximately 939 residents using groundwater (wells).
Recent water quality updates for Penney Farms
A timeline of significant water quality events, violations, and data updates.
Latest EPA compliance and testing data incorporated into Penney Farms's water quality assessment. Grade: B (77.6/100).
Contaminants: E. COLI, Revised Total Coliform Rule.
Federal disaster declaration (FEMA DR-4834). Hurricane event — may have impacted local water infrastructure.
Federal disaster declaration (FEMA DR-3622). Hurricane event — may have impacted local water infrastructure.
Contaminants: Lead and Copper Rule.
Contaminants: TTHM, Nitrate, Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5).
Key contaminant findings
Based on the most recent EPA sampling data for Penney Farms's water supply.
Within EPA limits but above the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended level of 1 ppb. An NSF 53-certified filter provides additional protection.
Violation history
Penney Farms's water system has 30 total violations on record, including 5 health-based violations. 3 remain unresolved. 8 violations were issued in the last 5 years.
Flood & environmental risk
Clay County has experienced 10 federally declared disasters since 2017. Flooding and severe storms can overwhelm water treatment plants, cause sewage overflows, and introduce agricultural runoff, bacteria, and sediment into drinking water supplies. Local water sources include South Fork Black Creek, North Fork Black Creek.
Where does Penney Farms's water come from?
Penney Farms's drinking water comes from groundwater (wells), supplied by 2 water systems serving approximately 939 people. Groundwater is generally less susceptible to surface contamination but can contain naturally occurring contaminants like arsenic, radon, and nitrate. Nearby water bodies include South Fork Black Creek (river), North Fork Black Creek (river).
What Penney Farms residents can do
Recommended: NSF-certified water filter. This addresses the specific contaminants found in Penney Farms's water.
Your water utility is required to publish an annual Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) with detailed testing results. Ask for the latest copy or check your utility's website.
Run cold water for 30 seconds before drinking, especially in the morning. Lead and copper leach from household plumbing when water sits in pipes.
Penney Farms's area has a history of flooding. After severe weather, watch for boil water advisories from your local utility.
Data: EPA SDWIS, UCMR 5 (PFAS), FEMA, NOAA. Last updated May 2026.
Top contaminants to know
View all ↓Violation summary
Violations & advisories
Top industrial polluters within 10 miles of Penney Farms
Industrial polluters nearby
Reported releases to surface water by facilities near Penney Farms, ranked by pounds discharged annually.
| Facility | Top chemical | To surface water (lbs/yr) | Distance |
|---|---|---|---|
FORTERRA PIPE & PRECAST - GREEN COVE SPRINGS GREEN COVE SPRINGS, FL32043 | — | — | 8.1 mi |
PERMABASE BUILDING PRODUCTS - JACKSONVILLE GREEN COVE SPRINGS, FL32043 | — | — | 8.9 mi |
PREFERRED-GREEN COVE RM GREEN COVE SPRINGS, FL32043 | — | — | 8.3 mi |
Source: EPA Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) 2023
Drought conditions
D3 — extreme droughtClay County is currently in D3 (extreme drought) per the U.S. Drought Monitor (week of May 5, 2026). Drought can elevate disinfection-byproduct (TTHM/HAA5) levels and taste/odor issues as utilities draw from lower reservoirs.
Source: U.S. Drought Monitor, updated weekly by NDMC, USDA, and NOAA.
Flood & disaster history
Clay County has experienced 10 federally declared disasters since 2017. Flooding and severe weather can compromise water treatment infrastructure and introduce contaminants into drinking water supplies.
Recommended water filters
Based on contaminants detected in Penney Farms's water supply, we recommend the following filter types.
Full contaminants report
| Contaminant | Detected Level | EPA Limit | Unit | Category | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead (90th percentile) LeadHeavy Metal A toxic heavy metal that can leach into drinking water from older pipes, solder, and fixtures. No amount of lead in water is considered safe. Health EffectsBrain and nervous system damage in children, kidney damage, high blood pressure, and reproductive problems in adults. EPA Limit15 ppb action level Common SourcesCorrosion of lead pipes, lead solder, brass faucets, and household plumbing. | 9.8 | 15 | ppb | Inorganic | Safe |
Lead level trend (90th percentile)
See how Penney Farms compares by contaminant
Explore where Penney Farms ranks among all Florida cities for specific contaminants.
Water source & infrastructure
Where Penney Farms's water comes from
Penney Farms's drinking water is drawn from underground aquifers through wells.
Groundwater is naturally filtered through rock and soil layers, generally requiring less treatment than surface water. However, it can contain naturally occurring contaminants like arsenic, radon, and minerals.
Agricultural activity, septic systems, and industrial operations near well fields can introduce nitrates, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds.
The system is operated by private ownership and serves approximately 939 people through 2 water systems.
Water bodies near Penney Farms
Penney Farms is located near 2 notable water bodies. These water bodies contribute to the regional watershed and may indirectly affect groundwater quality.
Water systems serving Penney Farms
| System Name | PWSID | Population | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| TOWN OF PENNEY FARMS WTP | FL2101019 | 489 | GW |
| PENNEY RETIREMENT COMMUNITY | FL2100882 | 450 | GW |
How Penney Farms compares
Full Florida rankings →Penney Farms's score of 77.6/100 is above the average of 50/100 among major Florida cities. It outscores 10 of 10 nearby cities.
Nearby cities
View Florida rankings →About Penney Farms, FL
Wikipedia →Penney Farms is a town in central Clay County, Florida, United States. It is part of the Jacksonville, Florida metropolitan statistical area. Its population was 821 at the 2020 census, up from 749 at the 2010 census.
Learn more about your water
Guides and resources related to Penney Farms's water quality findings.
Explore water quality across Clay
Frequently asked questions
Is Penney Farms, FL tap water safe to drink?
Penney Farms's water quality earned a grade of B (77.6/100). Some concerns have been identified. Consider a water filter for an extra layer of protection. The city ranks #166 out of 388 cities tested in Florida.
What contaminants are in Penney Farms's water?
Lead was measured at 9.8 ppb (90th percentile). 30 violations are on record.
How is Penney Farms's water quality grade calculated?
The grade is based on four factors: violation history (40%), lead and copper levels (25%), PFAS contamination (25%), and regulatory compliance (10%). The score is also adjusted based on how complete the available data is. See our methodology page for full details.
Do I need a water filter in Penney Farms?
While lead levels are within EPA limits, a filter adds extra protection. Based on current data, basic filtration should suffice for additional peace of mind.
Where does Penney Farms's water come from?
Penney Farms's water is sourced from Groundwater. The city has 2 water systems serving approximately 939 residents.
What health violations has Penney Farms's water system had?
Penney Farms has 5 health-based violations on record. The most recent violation was recorded in January 2025. Health-based violations mean the water exceeded EPA maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for a regulated substance. 3 violations remain unresolved.
Is Penney Farms's groundwater at risk of contamination?
Penney Farms uses groundwater, which can be affected by naturally occurring contaminants like arsenic, radon, and nitrate, as well as agricultural runoff and industrial activity. The system has 30 violations on record that may relate to groundwater quality. Groundwater systems are generally less susceptible to surface contamination but should be monitored for emerging contaminants like PFAS.
How does Penney Farms's water compare to other cities?
Penney Farms ranks #166 out of 388 cities in Florida (better than 57% of state cities) and #8944 out of 15744 cities nationally (43th percentile). The grade of B reflects the combined assessment of violation history, lead and copper levels, PFAS contamination, and regulatory compliance.